c语言编程笔录

首页 >   > 笔记大全

笔记大全

如何在SpringBoot中使用MQTT

更新时间:2023-12-07

前言

Spring Boot是一个用于开发生产级别的基于Java的应用程序的开源框架。它使用Spring框架的核心功能,同时提供了自动化配置和默认值,以简化Spring应用程序的开发过程。MQTT(Message Queue Telemetry Transport)是一种轻量级的、基于发布/订阅模式的消息传输协议,被广泛应用于物联网场景中。本文将介绍如何在Spring Boot中使用MQTT。

步骤一:添加MQTT依赖

首先,需要在Spring Boot项目的依赖管理文件(例如,pom.xml)中添加MQTT依赖。使用Eclipse Paho作为MQTT客户端库,可以通过以下方式添加依赖:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.eclipse.paho</groupId>
    <artifactId>org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.5</version>
</dependency>

步骤二:配置MQTT连接

接下来,需要在Spring Boot应用程序的配置文件(例如,application.properties)中配置MQTT连接属性。以下是一些常见的配置选项:

spring.mqtt.server-uri=tcp://localhost:1883
spring.mqtt.username=username
spring.mqtt.password=password

步骤三:创建MQTT订阅者和发布者

在Spring Boot应用程序中,可以创建MQTT订阅者和发布者来处理MQTT消息。下面是一个示例:

import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.IMqttMessageListener;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttAsyncClient;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttCallback;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttClientPersistence;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttConnectOptions;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttException;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttMessage;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class MqttSubscriber {
    
    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MqttSubscriber.class);
    
    private MqttAsyncClient client;
    
    public MqttSubscriber(@Value("${spring.mqtt.server-uri}") String mqttServerUri,
                          @Value("${spring.mqtt.username}") String mqttUsername,
                          @Value("${spring.mqtt.password}") String mqttPassword) throws MqttException {
        MqttClientPersistence persistence = new MemoryPersistence();
        client = new MqttAsyncClient(mqttServerUri, MqttAsyncClient.generateClientId(), persistence);
        
        MqttConnectOptions connectOptions = new MqttConnectOptions();
        connectOptions.setUserName(mqttUsername);
        connectOptions.setPassword(mqttPassword.toCharArray());
        
        client.setCallback(new MqttCallback() {
            @Override
            public void connectionLost(Throwable cause) {
                LOGGER.error("MQTT connection lost", cause);
            }
            
            @Override
            public void messageArrived(String topic, MqttMessage message) throws Exception {
                LOGGER.info("Received message on topic {}: {}", topic, new String(message.getPayload()));
            }
            
            @Override
            public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken token) {
                LOGGER.info("Message delivery complete");
            }
        });
        
        client.connect(connectOptions).waitForCompletion();
        client.subscribe("my/topic", 1);
    }
}

总结

通过以上步骤,我们可以在Spring Boot应用程序中使用MQTT。首先添加MQTT依赖,然后配置MQTT连接属性,最后创建MQTT订阅者和发布者来处理MQTT消息。这样,我们就可以在Spring Boot应用程序中实现与MQTT服务器的通信。