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Android如何判断应用程序退到后台

更新时间:2023-11-09

段落一:Android生命周期和退到后台的判断

在Android中,Activity是应用程序的基础组件,用于展示UI界面和与用户交互。而Activity的生命流程对于判断应用程序是否退到后台是非常重要的。

一个Activity有以下状态:

  • created:Activity被创建
  • started:Activity被创建并显示出来
  • resumed:Activity可见,获得焦点,且能与用户进行交互
  • paused:Activity被另外一个Activity覆盖,但仍可看到一部分UI,且失去了焦点
  • stopped:Activity不可见,且不再接受用户操作
  • destroyed:Activity被销毁

那么如何判断应用程序是否退到后台呢?我们可以在Activity的生命周期函数中进行判断,如果当前Activity的状态已经是stopped或destroyed状态,那么就可以判断应用程序已经退到后台了。

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        super.onStop();
        if(isBackground(this)){
            Log.e("MainActivity","程序进入后台");
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        if(isBackground(this)){
            Log.e("MainActivity","程序进入后台");
        }
    }

    /**
     * 判断当前应用程序是否在后台运行
     * @param context
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean isBackground(Context context) {
        ActivityManager activityManager = (ActivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
        List appProcesses = activityManager.getRunningAppProcesses();
        for (ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo appProcess : appProcesses) {
            if (appProcess.processName.equals(context.getPackageName())) {
                if (appProcess.importance == ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo.IMPORTANCE_BACKGROUND) {
                    return true;
                }else{
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
}

段落二:监听应用程序进入后台的方法

既然知道了应用程序进入后台的判断方法,我们也可以使用一些监听的方法,例如使用ActivityLifecycleCallbacks监听Activity的生命周期变化。在这个回调中,我们可以根据Activity的生命周期状态,判断应用程序是否进入后台。

public class MyApplication extends Application implements Application.ActivityLifecycleCallbacks {
    private boolean mIsBackground = false;

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onTerminate() {
        unregisterActivityLifecycleCallbacks(this);
        super.onTerminate();
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityStarted(Activity activity) {

    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityResumed(Activity activity) {
        if(mIsBackground){
            Log.e("MyApplication","应用程序从后台回到前台");
        }
        mIsBackground = false;
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityPaused(Activity activity) {

    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityStopped(Activity activity) {
        if(isBackground()){
            mIsBackground = true;
            Log.e("MyApplication","应用程序进入后台");
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityCreated(Activity activity, Bundle savedInstanceState) {

    }

    @Override
    public void onActivitySaveInstanceState(Activity activity, Bundle outState) {

    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityDestroyed(Activity activity) {

    }

    /**
     * 判断当前应用程序是否在后台运行
     * @return
     */
    public boolean isBackground() {
        ActivityManager activityManager = (ActivityManager) getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
        List appProcesses = activityManager.getRunningAppProcesses();
        for (ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo appProcess : appProcesses) {
            if (appProcess.processName.equals(getPackageName())) {
                if (appProcess.importance == ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo.IMPORTANCE_BACKGROUND) {
                    return true;
                } else {
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
}

段落三:使用BroadcastReceiver监听应用程序进入后台

除了使用ActivityLifecycleCallbacks监听Activity的生命周期外,我们也可以使用BroadcastReceiver监听应用程序进入后台。利用这种方法,只需要定义一个BroadcastReceiver,并在AndroidManifest.xml文件中添加intent-filter即可。

public class MyBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

    private boolean mIsBackground = false;

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        String action = intent.getAction();
        if(action.equals(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF)){
            if(isBackground(context)){
                mIsBackground = true;
                Log.e("MyBroadcastReceiver","应用程序进入后台");
            }
        }else if(action.equals(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_ON)){
            if(mIsBackground){
                Log.e("MyBroadcastReceiver","应用程序从后台回到前台");
            }
            mIsBackground = false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 判断当前应用程序是否在后台运行
     * @param context
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean isBackground(Context context) {
        ActivityManager activityManager = (ActivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
        List appProcesses = activityManager.getRunningAppProcesses();
        for (ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo appProcess : appProcesses) {
            if (appProcess.processName.equals(context.getPackageName())) {
                if (appProcess.importance == ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo.IMPORTANCE_BACKGROUND) {
                    return true;
                }else{
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
}

在AndroidManifest.xml中添加intent-filter:


  
    
    
  

段落四:总结

判断应用程序是否进入后台,可以使用Activity的生命周期函数或者使用BroadcastReceiver监听系统广播。如果使用ActivityLifecycleCallbacks,需要注意在Application中注册回调,并在Application中判断Activity的状态。使用BroadcastReceiver的方式相对简单,只需要定义一个BroadcastReceiver,并在AndroidManifest.xml中添加intent-filter就可以监听。

返回HTML格式内容:

Android如何判断应用程序退到后台

在Android中,Activity是应用程序的基础组件,用于展示UI界面和与用户交互。而Activity的生命流程对于判断应用程序是否退到后台是非常重要的。

一个Activity有以下状态:

  • created:Activity被创建
  • started:Activity被创建并显示出来
  • resumed:Activity可见,获得焦点,且能与用户进行交互
  • paused:Activity被另外一个Activity覆盖,但仍可看到一部分UI,且失去了焦点
  • stopped:Activity不可见,且不再接受用户操作
  • destroyed:Activity被销毁

那么如何判断应用程序是否退到后台呢?我们可以在Activity的生命周期函数中进行判断,如果当前Activity的状态已经是stopped或destroyed状态,那么就可以判断应用程序已经退到后台了。

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        super.onStop();
        if(isBackground(this)){
            Log.e("MainActivity","程序进入后台");
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        if(isBackground(this)){
            Log.e("MainActivity","程序进入后台");
        }
    }

    /**
     * 判断当前应用程序是否在后台运行
     * @param context
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean isBackground(Context context) {
        ActivityManager activityManager = (ActivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
        List appProcesses = activityManager.getRunningAppProcesses();
        for (ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo appProcess : appProcesses) {
            if (appProcess.processName.equals(context.getPackageName())) {
                if (appProcess.importance == ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo.IMPORTANCE_BACKGROUND) {
                    return true;
                }else{
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
}

既然知道了应用程序进入后台的判断方法,我们也可以使用一些监听的方法,例如使用ActivityLifecycleCallbacks监听Activity的生命周期变化。在这个回调中,我们可以根据Activity的生命周期状态,判断应用程序是否进入后台。

public class MyApplication extends Application implements Application.ActivityLifecycleCallbacks {
    private boolean mIsBackground = false;

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onTerminate() {
        unregisterActivityLifecycleCallbacks(this);
        super.onTerminate();
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityStarted(Activity activity) {

    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityResumed(Activity activity) {
        if(mIsBackground){
            Log.e("MyApplication","应用程序从后台回到前台");
        }
        mIsBackground = false;
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityPaused(Activity activity) {

    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityStopped(Activity activity) {
        if(isBackground()){
            mIsBackground = true;
            Log.e("MyApplication","应用程序进入后台");
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityCreated(Activity activity, Bundle savedInstanceState) {

    }

    @Override
    public void onActivitySaveInstanceState(Activity activity, Bundle outState) {

    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityDestroyed(Activity activity) {

    }

    /**
     * 判断当前应用程序是否在后台运行
     * @return
     */
    public boolean isBackground() {
        ActivityManager activityManager = (ActivityManager) getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
        List appProcesses = activityManager.getRunningAppProcesses();
        for (ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo appProcess : appProcesses) {
            if (appProcess.processName.equals(getPackageName())) {
                if (appProcess.importance == ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo.IMPORTANCE_BACKGROUND) {
                    return true;
                } else {
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
}

除了使用ActivityLifecycleCallbacks监听Activity的生命周期外,我们也可以使用BroadcastReceiver监听应用程序进入后台。利用这种方法,只需要定义一个BroadcastReceiver,并在AndroidManifest.xml文件中添加intent-filter即可。

public class MyBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

    private boolean mIsBackground = false;

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        String action = intent.getAction();
        if(action.equals(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF)){
            if(isBackground(context)){
                mIsBackground = true;
                Log.e("MyBroadcastReceiver","应用程序进入后台");
            }
        }else if(action.equals(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_ON)){
            if(mIsBackground){
                Log.e("MyBroadcastReceiver","应用程序从后台回到前台");
            }
            mIsBackground = false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 判断当前应用程序是否在后台运行
     * @param context
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean isBackground(Context context) {
        ActivityManager activityManager = (ActivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
        List appProcesses = activityManager.getRunningAppProcesses();
        for (ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo appProcess : appProcesses) {
            if (appProcess.processName.equals(context.getPackageName())) {
                if (appProcess.importance == ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo.IMPORTANCE_BACKGROUND) {
                    return true;
                }else{
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
}

在AndroidManifest.xml中添加intent-filter:


  
    
    
  

判断应用程序是否进入后台,可以使用Activity的生命周期函数或者使用BroadcastReceiver监听系统广播。如果使用ActivityLifecycleCallbacks,需要注意在Application中注册回调,并在Application中判断Activity的状态。使用BroadcastReceiver的方式相对简单,只需要定义一个BroadcastReceiver,并在AndroidManifest.xml中添加intent-filter就可以监听。